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Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #144

SPACE Digest                                     Volume 13 : Issue 144

Today's Topics:
               Re: Controversy
              Re: Solar Impact Mission.
               Re: Controversy
               * SpaceNews  11-Feb-91 *
               Re: Controversy
              Re: Fire in Space
           Spacesuit marking (was Re: Contraversy)
            Solar Impact Mission.

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----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: 9 Feb 91 19:30:05 GMT
From: world!ksr![e-mail]  (Chris Jones)
Subject: Re: Controversy

In article <[e-mail]>, marty@puppsr (Marty Ryba) writes:
>In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Craig Tanaka) writes:
>|>
>|> A friend and I are having an argument over the pictures of the first steps
>|> upon the Moon.  I was wondering if someone could clarify whether or not
>|> it was taken by a remote camera or was restaged afterwards.  (the video of
>|> Armstrong jumping off the ladder on the descent module down to the surface.)
>|> I am sure that questions such as this have been asked many times, and for
>|> that I apologize, but if someone could help me out, I would be very
>|> grateful.

The first lunar landing was extensively covered in many, many periodicals and
was the subject of many books as well.  They could answer other questions you
may have, probably better than the collected so-called wisdom of Usenet.  Why
not use a library?  A look in one would reveal:

The video was taken from a camera mounted on the Lunar Module.  It was shown
live to most of the world as it happened.
>
>Simple answer: the shot of an astronaut climbing down from the ladder as
>seen from about 30' from the lander was taken by Neil Armstrong and showed
>Buzz Aldrin stepping out.  The 'one small step' video is the (less seen)
>shot from the lander hatch that mostly shows Armstrong's head.
>Since the later video is more photogenic, it is more often used and often
>has Armstrong's words juxtaposed on it, leading to the confusion.
>

I really don't know what you're talking about here.  The video I mentioned
earlier was black and white, very high contrast, and taken from near the base
of the LM itself.  The astronauts later moved the camera out and mounted it
facing the LM.  I've also seen color films taken from an unattended camera (set
up by Aldrin before he came out, I think) which show the astronauts setting up
the flag.

Later moon landings had color video cameras.  The movie "For All Mankind" (now
on video and showing on the Disney Channel) has a lot of great shots.  The
movie doesn't explain where the shots were done, though (and some of them were
from Gemini, not Apollo, flights).
--
Chris Jones    [e-mail]    {world,uunet,harvard}!ksr!clj

------------------------------

Date: 10 Feb 91 01:27:49 GMT
From: maverick.ksu.ksu.edu!ux1.cso.uiuc.edu!pequod.cso.uiuc.edu![e-mail]  (Andrew Higgins)
Subject: Re: Solar Impact Mission.

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] writes:
>> For really tight turns, what you want is a waverider design that can fly
>> at high hypersonic speeds in an atmosphere.  Then you can do a right-angle
>> turn or even a 180 around any planet with a substantial atmosphere, e.g.
>> Venus.  Aerodynamic forces do a much better job of holding you down during
>> the turn than gravity.  This also lets you use Mars rather than Jupiter
>> for outer-planets missions, which is nice because Jupiter's Van Allen belts
>> are a major hassle for Jupiter gravity assists.
>
>Anyone in netland doing any research with high
>velocity waveriders?

No, I don't work in this area, but I can provide you with a reference.  Armed
with the AIAA paper number, you should have no trouble locating this paper
in a decent engineering library.

"Hypersonic Maneuvering to Provide Planetary Gravity Assist"
 AIAA 90-0539

 A. McRonald and J. Randolph
 Jet Propulsion Lab.
 Pasadena, Ca

 28th Aerospace Sciences Meeting
 January 8-11, 1990/Reno, Nevada

 Abstract:  In a previous papaer the authors analyzed aero-maneuvers at Venus
 and Earth.  In this paper they extend the study to Mars, examining the
 potential of aero-assist maneuvers at Mars for missions to the Sun and to
 Pluto, using a high lift/drag vehicle such as the waverider to perform an
 atmospheric "fly-around" of Mars, in order to rotate the plaentocentric
 velocity vector, thus adding to the rather small rotation due to gravity
 alone.  A fly-around in one direction or the other can place the aphelion or
 the perihelion of the resulting orbit at the Mars distance, for missions
 towards the Sun or towards Pluto, respectively.  The parameters of such
 maneuvers are given as a function of Earth launch velocity.  It is found to
 be advantageous in terms of Earth launch velocity to perform two aero-
 maneuvers, e.g., one at Venus and then one at Mars.  Some problems regarding
 the actual implementation of the aeromaneuvers are discussed.
--
    Andrew J. Higgins
    [e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 10 Feb 91 02:22:19 GMT
From: usc!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utzoo![e-mail]  (Henry Spencer)
Subject: Re: Controversy

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Craig Tanaka) writes:
>... I was wondering if someone could clarify whether or not
>it was taken by a remote camera or was restaged afterwards.  (the video of
>Armstrong jumping off the ladder on the descent module down to the surface.)

The low-resolution video, shot from a strange angle, where you need to
concentrate to sort out what's going on, is live and for real the very
first steps.  Early in Armstrong's descent, he pulled on a cord to release
the latch of the surface-equipment-bay door.  The camera was fixed to the
door so that it faced the ladder when the door flopped open.  I can assure
you that it wasn't restaged; half a billion people, including me, were
watching and listening to it happen.

If the video you're looking at is shot from a level camera and is clear
and easy to follow, you're probably looking at Aldrin coming down or at
a sequence from a later mission.

(As a side note, if you're looking at a still photograph from Apollo 11
on the surface, the astronaut is 99.9% certain to be Aldrin, because
Armstrong had the camera most of the time.  I believe they've turned
up one still which is, based on context, Armstrong.)  (It took another
mission or two before they figured out that it was a good idea to mark
the spacesuits so you could tell the two astronauts apart easily.)
--
"Read the OSI protocol specifications?  | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
I can't even *lift* them!"              |  [e-mail]  utzoo!henry

------------------------------

Date: 10 Feb 91 01:25:54 GMT
From: ka2qhd![e-mail]  (John Magliacane)
Subject: * SpaceNews  11-Feb-91 *


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* SpaceNews  11-Feb-91 *

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=================
The Magellan spacecraft has now completed over 944 mapping orbits covering
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* SHUTTLE INFO *
================

Shuttle Communications Frequencies (UHF-AM)

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The UHF communications system can support two astronauts performing EVA
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It simultaneously receives the 259.700 MHz and 279.000 MHz AM carriers
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and a frequency modulated EKG subcarrier channel.  Transmitter power is
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------------------------------

Date: 9 Feb 91 19:13:04 GMT
From: csus.edu!beach.csulb.edu!nic.csu.net!usc!samsung!uakari.primate.wisc.edu!dali.cs.montana.edu!milton!sumax!thebes!polari![e-mail]  (Charles Radley)
Subject: Re: Controversy



The TV on Apollo-11 was of course lve......live....
And on very othr Appollo.     Movie footage and still were also taken and
developed afterwards.
   After stepping on to the Moon the crew would detach the camera from the LEM and
mount it on a tripod some distance from the LEM.

------------------------------

Date: 10 Feb 91 21:15:50 GMT
From: sdcc6!sdcc13![e-mail]  (Jack Dietz)
Subject: Re: Fire in Space

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Matthew T Velazquez) writes:
>If, as most have been saying, a flame lit in zero gravity would simply deplete
>the oxygen in the immediate vicinity and go out, is there any sort of procedure
>for a fire on board something like the Shuttle once it reaches orbit? Anyone
>with first- or second-hand knowledge?
>

    I have neither, but pulling out my old and dog-eared copy of
The Space Shuttle's Operator's Manual, it shows diagrams of most of
the bays inside the front module.  Each of these bays has at least
one fire extinguisher shown.  Furthermore, a control panel on the
far left of the commander's seat has controls for monitoring smoke
alarms and manually setting off the various extinguishers.

    Don't worry, they thought of that... :)

-- Jack

>> Restriction alt.swedish.chef.bork.bork.bork has been removed.
Jack Dietz ([e-mail])  UCSD Comp Eng Sophomore <<big deal>>

------------------------------

Date: 9 Feb 91 12:37:32 GMT
From: van-bc!rsoft!mindlink![e-mail]  (Bruce Dunn)
Subject: Spacesuit marking (was Re: Contraversy)

> [e-mail] writes:
> Person: Henry Spencer
>
> (As a side note, if you're looking at a still photograph from Apollo 11
> on the surface, the astronaut is 99.9% certain to be Aldrin, because
> Armstrong had the camera most of the time.  I believe they've turned
> up one still which is, based on context, Armstrong.)  (It took another
> mission or two before they figured out that it was a good idea to mark
> the spacesuits so you could tell the two astronauts apart easily.)


     The designers of the moon suits should have read their science fiction!
This problem was clearly anticipated by Robert Heinlein, who in his 1949 book
"Red Planet" envisioned the problem of identifying someone wearing protective
gear (in the case of the novel, respirator masks for breathing on Mars)...

From "Red Planet":

     [regarding the appearance of someone wearing a respirator] - The unearthly
appearance was increased by a pattern of black and yellow tiger stripes
covering the entire head.

     The tiger stripes on Jim's mask, the war paint of Frank's, and a rainbow
motif on Phyllis's made the young people easy to identify.

--
Bruce Dunn   Vancouver, Canada    [e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 8 Feb 91 21:11:17 GMT
From: csus.edu!beach.csulb.edu!nic.csu.net!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!zardoz.cpd.com!dhw68k!ofa123!p1.f940.n103.z1.fidonet.org![e-mail]  (Ron Rapp)
Subject: Solar Impact Mission.

In a message to All <07 Feb 91 03:00> Eric Michael Slimko wrote:

 EM> From: [e-mail] (Eric Michael Slimko)
 EM> Date: Tue, 5 Feb 1991 15:42:05 GMT
 EM> Organization: University of Michigan
 EM> Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
 EM> Newsgroups: sci.space


--
Ron Rapp
Internet: [e-mail]
Compuserve: >internet:[e-mail]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------

End of SPACE Digest V13 #144
*******************